It is spreading rapidly.
Recent data from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reveals a concerning rise in tuberculosis (TB) cases across the United States. In 2024, over 10,300 TB cases were reported, marking an 8 percent increase from the previous year. This is the highest number of cases recorded since 2011. The uptick in infections has affected all age groups, and the number of cases is rising across a majority of states, including a significant increase in 34 states and Washington, D.C.
CDC officials attribute this rise primarily to international travel and migration, noting that a large portion of TB cases in the U.S. involve individuals born outside the country. The infection rates for non-U.S.-born individuals are substantially higher than for U.S.-born individuals. Other contributing factors may include conditions that compromise the immune system, allowing latent TB infections to become active.
Some states have seen dramatic increases in their TB rates. For example, Kansas reported a 148 percent increase in TB cases from 2023 to 2024. Alaska and Hawaii have consistently reported the highest rates of TB, with notable case numbers per 100,000 people. These trends highlight the need for continued vigilance in addressing the spread of the disease.
To address the rising number of cases, the CDC emphasizes the importance of collaboration between public health programs and healthcare providers. It urges timely TB testing, treatment of latent infections, and greater awareness in communities, especially those at higher risk. Public health programs should engage in outreach to boost testing and treatment efforts to prevent further spread of the disease.
The CDC also notes that the rise in TB cases follows nearly three decades of decline, with the trend reversing since 2021. This increase is likely due to a combination of factors, including the recovery from pandemic-related disruptions, increased travel, migration, and TB outbreaks in several states.
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