The myth has been debunked.
Recent research conducted by Rebecca Barry, a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Calgary in Canada, sheds light on the prevalence of mental health disorders among homeless individuals. The study, published in the journal JAMA Psychiatry, analyzed data from numerous studies worldwide to uncover the extent of mental illness within the homeless population.
According to Barry’s findings, approximately two-thirds of homeless individuals are affected by some form of mental health disorder. This represents a significant disparity compared to the general population, with rates notably higher among homeless men than women. The analysis, based on rigorous studies encompassing over 48,000 homeless individuals primarily from affluent countries like the United States, Canada, and Germany, utilized standard psychiatric tests to assess mental health.
The research revealed that 67% of homeless people currently experience mental illness, while 77% have encountered mental health challenges at some point in their lives. Notably, rates of mental illness among homeless men were particularly elevated, with 86% having experienced mental health issues in their lifetime, compared to 69% among women.
Specific mental health disorders, including bipolar disorder, antisocial personality disorder, psychotic disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depression, substance abuse, and mood disorders, were found to be disproportionately prevalent among the homeless population compared to the general public.
Barry’s team also observed a potential upward trend in mental health disorder prevalence among homeless individuals, especially in recent years. This could be attributed to improved diagnoses or escalating societal stressors leading to homelessness among those with mental health conditions.
To address these challenges, the study advocates for “housing first” initiatives, which prioritize providing permanent housing for homeless individuals. Additionally, “assertive community treatment” programs are recommended, offering comprehensive and coordinated mental health services to those in need. Such initiatives have shown effectiveness in reducing the severity of mental health disorders and homelessness among individuals facing persistent and complex mental health issues.
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